元代小说

承袭六朝以来两种小说体制而发展，主要成就在话本小说方面.一种是沿袭六朝志怪、志人及唐代传奇而出现的文言小说，多见于杂抄稗贩、琐闻笔记中，如陆友的《砚北杂志》、杨瑀的《山居新语》、吴元复的《续夷坚志》等.这类作品多为见闻杂录，夹叙鬼神怪异事，情节简略，内容单薄，思想贪乏，影响不大.一种是沿袭宋代话本发展起来的通俗小说，可分为两类：短篇的小说话本；长篇的讲史话本.小说话本作者据载有汴梁（今开封）人陆显之，编有《好儿赵正》；杭州人金仁杰，编有《东窗事犯》。此外，可能属元人作品的还有《裴秀娘夜游西湖记》、《钱塘梦》、《王魁》、《绿珠坠楼记》等.这些作品反映的社会面比较广阔，表现了广大市民阶层的生活和思想，又用通俗口语写成，影响颇大，为中国古典小说的发展开了新局面.讲史的长篇小说，今存有元代刊刻的《全相平话五种》１５卷.它们是：《武王伐纣书》、《乐毅图齐七国春秋后集》、《秦并六国平话》、《全汉书续集》、《三国志平话》各３卷.这些是供阅读的本子，但保留了民间讲史话本的原貌，显示了元代是中国古典长篇小说形成过程中的重要阶段.这些小说又可从内容、格调、写法上的不同而分为两类：一类为《武王伐纣书》与《乐毅图齐七国春秋后集》，既演述武王伐纣、燕赵争战的历史故事，又大量附会鬼神，穿插妖术怪异情节，荒诞不稽而与史实相悖；一类为《秦并六国平话》、《三国志平话》等，所写大体忠于历史事实，有的兼收野史杂传与民间传说，但很少采入无稽妄说和怪异传闻.讲史话本虽然故事简单，结构松散，文辞粗疏，却为明代长篇小说的产生和发展积累了艺术经验，提供了创作的基础，其成就是不能忽视的.&&&&作品 Since the two kinds of novel structure inherited from the Six Dynasties and the development of major achievements in the words of the novel aspects. One is follow the Six Dynasties mystic, Chi Tang legendary people and the emergence of classical Chinese novels, and more common in miscellaneous copy peddler, scraps notes, such as the six companions of "Yan-North magazine," Yang Yu's "Mountain of new language," Wu Yuan-fu's "continued Yi Jian Zhi" and so on. Such works are mostly seen and heard Miscellany, and description spirits weird thing, the plot briefly, content, thin, lack corrupt ideology had little impact. One is follow the words of the Song Dynasty developed the popular novels can be divided into two categories: small-talk in this short; History of the lengthy talk about this. small talk, according to the authors contains Bianliang (now Kaifeng) were significantly the land, allocated to the "good child ZHAO Zheng"; of Hangzhou Jin Renjie, provisions are the "East Window matter committed." In addition, the yuan may be of works also include "Pei Xiu Niang night remember West Lake", "Qiantang Dream", "Wang Kui", "Lvzhu falls from a building in mind" and so on. These works reflect the social aspects of quite broad, showing the general public class life and thought, but also with the popular spoken languages, a lot of influence for the development of classical Chinese novels opened up a new situation. talk about the history of the novel, there is the Yuan Dynasty Kanke today's "flat, then the five-phase" 15 volumes . They are: "Wuwangfazhou book", "Leyi tootsie seven countries, after the Spring and Autumn collection," "Ping Qin and six countries," and "full Han sequel," "Three Zhiping words" all three volumes. These are for reading of the book, but retains the original appearance of the History of Civil speaking, showing the Yuan Dynasty is a Chinese classical novel in the formation of an important stage. These novels can also from the content, style, writing on the differences fall into two categories: one category for "Wuwangfazhou book" and "Leyi tootsie seven countries, after the Spring and Autumn series", both played out Wuwangfazhou, Hebei battle history of the story, but also a large number of laws will be ghosts, weird interludes sorcery plot, absurd not bow to the ground with contrary to historical facts; a type of "Ping Qin and the six words," "Three Zhiping words" and so on, written largely faithful to historical facts, and some unofficial hybrid integrated Tradition and folklore, but rarely taken into the ridiculous jump to say and strange rumors. talk History of the Though the story simple, loose and careless diction, but for the emergence and development of the Ming Dynasty novel, art accumulated experience to provide a creative foundation for its achievement can not be ignored .&&&& works