sin²a+cos²a=1
三角恒等变换 sina/cosa=tana
三角恒等变换 sin2α = 2cosαsinα = 2tanα / (1 + tan²α)
cos2α = cos²α-sin²α=1-2sin²α=2cos²α-1
tan2α = 2tanα/[1 - (tanα)²]
sin2α = sin^2(α + π/4) - cos^2(α + π/4) = 2sin^2(a + π/4) - 1 = 1 - 2cos^2(α + π/4);
cos2α = 2sin(α + π/4)cos(α + π/4)
sin3α=3sinα-4sin³α
cos3α=4cos³α-3cosα
tan3α=(3tanα-tan³α)/(1-3tan²α)
sin3α=4sinα×sin(π/3-α)sin(π/3+α)
cos3α=4cosα×cos(π/3-α)cos(π/3+α)
tan3α=tanα×tan(π/3-α)tan(π/3+α)
根据欧拉公式(cos θ+i·sin θ)^n=cos nθ+i·sin nθ (注:sin θ前的 i 是虚数单位,即-1开方)
将左边用二项式定理展开分别整理实部和虚部可以得到下面两组公式
sin(nα)=ncos^(n-1)α·sinα-C(n,3)cos^(n-3)α·sin^3α+C(n,5)cos^(n-5)α·sin^5α-…
cos(nα)=cos^nα-C(n,2)cos^(n-2)α·sin^2α+C(n,4)cos^(n-4)α·sin^4α
Asinα+Bcosα=√(A^2+B^2)sin[α+arctan(B/A)]
Asinα+Bcosα=√(A^2+B^2)cos[α-arctan(A/B)]
sin(α/2)=±√[(1-cosα)/2]
cos(α/2)=±√[(1+cosα)/2]
tan(α/2)=±√[(1-cosα)/(1+cosα)]=sinα/(1+cosα)=(1-cosα)/sinα=cscα-cotα
cot(α/2)=±√[(1+cosα)/(1-cosα)]=(1+cosα)/sinα=sinα/(1-cosα)=cscα+cotα
sec(α/2)=±√[(2secα/(secα+1)]
csc(α/2)=±√[(2secα/(secα-1)]
三角恒等变换(3)kπ+a
sin(2kπ+α)=sinα
cos(2kπ+α)=cosα
tan(kπ+α)=tanα
cot(kπ+α)=cotα
sec(2kπ+α)=secα
csc(2kπ+α)=cscα
sin(π+α)=-sinα
cos(π+α)=-cosα
tan(π+α)=tanα
cot(π+α)=cotα
sec(π+α)=-secα
csc(π+α)=-cscα
-a
sin(-α)=-sinα
cos(-α)=cosα
tan(-α)=-tanα
cot(-α)=-cotα
sec(-α)=secα
csc(-α)=-cscα
π-a
sin(π-α)=sinα
cos(π-α)=-cosα
tan(π-α)=-tanα
cot(π-α)=-cotα
sec(π-α)=-secα
csc(π-α)=cscα
π/2±a
sin(π/2+α)=cosα
cos(π/2+α)=-sinα
tan(π/2+α)=-cotα
cot(π/2+α)=-tanα
sec(π/2+α)=-cscα
csc(π/2+α)=secα
sin(π/2-α)=cosα
cos(π/2-α)=sinα
tan(π/2-α)=cotα
cot(π/2-α)=tanα
sec(π/2-α)=cscα
csc(π/2-α)=secα
3π/2±a
sin(3π/2+α)=-cosα
cos(3π/2+α)=sinα
tan(3π/2+α)=-cotα
cot(3π/2+α)=-tanα
sec(3π/2+α)=cscα
csc(3π/2+α)=-secα
sin(3π/2-α)=-cosα
cos(3π/2-α)=-sinα
tan(3π/2-α)=cotα
cot(3π/2-α)=tanα
sec(3π/2-α)=-cscα
csc(3π/2-α)=-secα
数学概念(3)tan(a+π/4)=(tan a+1)/(1-tan a)
tan(a-π/4)=(tan a-1)/(1+tan a)
asinx+bcosx=[√(a²+b²)]{[a/√(a²+b²)]sinx+[b/√(a²+b²)]cosx}=[√(a²+b²)]sin(x+y)【辅助角公式,其中tan y=b/a,或者说sinx=b/[√(a²+b²)],cosx=a/[√(a²+b²)]】
半角的 正弦、余弦 和正切公式( 降幂扩角公式)
sinα·cosβ=(1/2)[sin(α+β)+sin(α-β)]
cosα·sinβ=(1/2)[sin(α+β)-sin(α-β)]
cosα·cosβ=(1/2)[cos(α+β)+cos(α-β)]
sinα·sinβ= -(1/2)[cos(α+β)-cos(α-β)](注:留意最前面是负号)
这里应该是cos((α-+β)/2)
设A,B,C是三角形的三个 内角
sinA+sinB+sinC=4cos(A/2)cos(B/2)cos(C/2)
cosA+cosB+cosC=1+4sin(A/2)sin(B/2)sin(C/2)
tanA+tanB+tanC=tanAtanBtanC
cot(A/2)+cot(B/2)+cot(C/2)=cot(A/2)cot(B/2)cot(C/2)
tan(A/2)tan(B/2)+tan(B/2)tan(C/2)+tan(C/2)tan(A/2)=1
cotAcotB+cotBcotC+cotCcotA=1
(cosA)^2+(cosB)^2+(cosC)^2+2cosAcosBcosC=1
sin2A+sin2B+sin2C=4sinAsinBsinC
首先,在三角形ABC中,角A,B,C所对边分别为a,b,c若A,B均为锐角,则 在三角形ABC中,过C作AB边垂线交AB于D 由CD=asinB=bsinA( 做另两边的垂线,同理)可证明正弦定理:a/sinA=b/sinB=c/sinC于是有:AD+BD=c AD=bcosA,BD=acosB AD+BD=c代入正弦定理,可得sinC=sin(180-C)=sin(A+B)=sinAcosB+sinBcosA 即在A,B均为锐角的情况下,可证明正 弦和的公式。利用正弦和 余弦的定义及周期 性,可证明该公式对 任意角成立。于是有 cos(A+B)=sin(90-A-B)=sin(90-A)cos(-B)+cos(90-A)sin(-B)=cosAcosB-sinAsinB
由此求得以上全部公式