属角鲨目角鲨科.体细长,头宽扁.眼大,长椭圆形,无瞬膜.吻长,前缘尖突.口宽,近于横裂。上唇褶长,下唇褶短。上下颌牙均为单齿头型,侧扁近长方形,2—3行使用.上颌牙稍窄,每侧每行14牙,下颌每侧每行11牙,上下颌均无正中牙.喷水孔很大,肾形.鳃裂5个,较小.背鳍2个,各具一硬棘,第一背鳍位于体前部上方,靠近胸鳍,第二背鳍位于腹鳍后方.尾鳍宽短,上叶发达,下叶前部圆形突出.胸腹鳍宽大.臀鳍消失.体背上侧灰褐,下侧与腹面白色.成体两侧具不明显白斑,幼体具2纵行白斑.为暖水性小型鲨鱼,一般体长为一米左右.以小鱼、虾为食.卵胎生.分布于北大西洋和北太平洋的温带和寒带地区.中国东海和黄海较多.皮可制革,肉或食用.本科鲨鱼种类多,产量大,为重要的经济鱼类
Is Squaliformes Squalidae. Body slender, head width bian. Eyes large, long oval-shaped, non-instant film. Kiss long, sharp front suddenly. Mouth wide, near-horizontal crack. Upper lip folds long, lower lip fold short. upper and lower teeth are single-tooth head type, side-bian nearly rectangular, 2-3-line use. maxillary teeth slightly narrower on each side of each line of 14 teeth, lower jaw on each side of each line of 11 teeth, no center of upper and lower teeth. jet water hole large kidney-shaped. gill slits 5, the smaller. dorsal two, each with a rigid spine, first dorsal fin is located in the front of the top of the body near the pectoral fins, second dorsal fin is located behind the pelvic fins. caudal fin wide and short, on the leaves well-developed lower lobe anterior lobes. thoracic pelvic fins large. anal fin disappeared. Huihe its back side, under the ventral side and white. into the body is not obvious on both sides of a white spot, the larvae with two longitudinal white spots. for the warm water of small shark, the general body length of around one meter. with fish, shrimp for food. ovoviviparous. distributed in the North Atlantic and North Pacific, temperate and boreal regions. more the East China Sea and Yellow Sea. Pico leather, meat or food . Undergraduate many kinds of sharks, large output, for important economic fish.
化学成分 见扁头哈那鲨。
药理作用 见扁头哈那鲨。
药材 1.鱼肝油为白斑角鲨的肝脏中提制的一种脂肪油。四季捕鲨,捕后取肝脏,去胆囊,切碎,放锅中通蒸气至82℃(不要超过85℃),使肝细胞破裂,油分逸出,加热水使油分离,然后过滤,除去杂质,用水洗涤,真空干燥,将原油冷却至0℃,析出固体脂肪,加压过滤,将其除去,即为鱼肝油。
2.鲨鱼肉为白斑角鲨的肌肉。四季捕鲨,取肉鲜用。
3.鲨鱼翅为白斑角鲨的鳍,捕后取鳍干制而成。
应用 1.鱼肝油有滋补强壮、明目、壮骨之功。主治夜盲症、干燥性眼炎、佝偻病、软骨症、营养不良、结核病、病后恢复期,并用于幼儿及产妇的滋养剂。用量每次口服2-10毫升。
2.鲨鱼肉有健脾利水之功。适量。
3.鲨鱼翅有补肺气、托疮毒、消痰、健胃之功。用于肺气虚弱、疮毒等。适量。
备注
资料来源 《中国药用动物志》,第131页。